Authors:
Wagma Iqbal [1], Ahmad Mujtaba [2], Rutba Haseen [3],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.1
Abstract
Body dissatisfaction has become an increasingly important public health concern because of its association with adverse psychological outcomes among young adults. The present study examined the relationship between body dissatisfaction and anxiety and investigated the mediating role of self-esteem among Pakistani university students. A quantitative, cross-sectional correlational research design was employed. Data were collected from 200 undergraduate and postgraduate university students using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Body dissatisfaction was assessed using the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 27. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation, and mediation analysis following the Baron and Kenny approach with bootstrapped confidence intervals were performed to examine the study hypotheses. The findings indicated that all measurement instruments demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative association between self-esteem and anxiety, whereas body dissatisfaction was positively associated with self-esteem. The direct relationship between body dissatisfaction and anxiety was positive but not statistically significant. However, mediation analysis demonstrated that self-esteem significantly influenced the relationship between body dissatisfaction and anxiety, indicating an inconsistent mediation (suppression) model. These findings suggest that self-esteem represents an important psychological factor in understanding how body dissatisfaction is associated with anxiety among university students. The study contributes to the growing literature on body image and psychological well-being by
Authors:
Khadija Syed [1], Syed Asad Shah [2], Jabir Ansari [3],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.2
Abstract
Those developing regions of the world where urbanization and industrialization have been the most rapid have produced population-dense areas with extremely high levels of ambient air pollution. Almost everywhere, poor air quality has been associated with several physical and mental health disorders. The only unexplainable part has been the psychological mechanism. The main objective of this study is to understand the psychosocial effects of urban air pollution on the Pakistani population. More specifically, this study aims to understand the effects of urban air pollution on the mental health of Pakistan’s adult population, with health-related locus of control as the mediating factor and outdoor physical activity as the moderating factor. This study has been conducted across all major metropolitan areas of Pakistan, covering an urban population of approximately 104 million under the age of 60. Approximately 400 samples were collected in this cross-sectional study. Key findings of this study were derived from self-administered questionnaires. The locus of control was assessed using a questionnaire comprising the perception of air pollution, stress, and anxiety and depression scales, all of which were validated and adapted for this study. Active transportation and outdoor physical activity were assessed using a validated scale. For this study, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and regression analysis. The findings of the study revealed that urban air pollution and outdoor physical activity have a significant effect on the adult population of Pakistan.
Authors:
Ayesha Rehman [1], Kiran Malik [2], S.Raishad [3],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.3
Abstract
The study explores the association between perceived quality of daily living and psychological well-being among school teachers. The research sample consisted of 200 teachers, including 109 males and 91 females, age between 19 and 60 years, selected from various schools in Mardan, Pakistan. Participants were recruited through convenient sampling technique. Data were gathered using the WHOQOL-BREF Scale (α = .85) developed by the World Health Organization and Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale (α = .87) introduced by Carol Ryff in 1989. Statistical analyses were performed through SPSS version 26. The results demonstrated a significant positive association between perceived quality of daily living and psychological wellbeing among school teachers (r = .37, p < .01). regression findings further showed that perceived quality of daily living was a significant predictor of psychological well-being (β = .368, R² = .135, p < .001). Moreover an independent samples t-test was conducted to assess gender differences. The results indicated that female teachers scored higher on perceived quality of daily living compared to male teachers, while no significant gender difference was observed in psychological well-being. Overall the study emphasizes that improving teachers’ quality of daily living may contribute positively to their psychological well-being and educational performance.
Authors:
Sumayyah Manzar [1], Maham Iftikhar [2],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.4
Abstract
The study aimed to analyze cultural difference effect on consumer behavior amongst young adults of Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Pakistan and gender difference in both the constructs. The design employed was cross sectional using questionnaire. Three hundred young adults participated in the main study and Pearson product–moment correlation and independent-samples t tests were used for analyses. Internal consistency of the BIS scale was done, resulting in questionable internal consistency (α = .659), while the INDCOL scale showed high internal consistency (α = .896). The correlation between scores on the two measures was positive with r(298) = .202, p < .01, which is a statistically significant (but weak) positive association. There was no significant difference between the buy impulsiveness scores of males and females, t(298) = −1.01, p = .311. Females however, scored higher than males on the individualism– collectivism, t(298) = −2.27, p = .024. The results indicate that in this sample, buying impulsiveness was seen as a characteristic related to cultural orientation though, as is evident, the strength of the association is low. The sample of this study was one city, cross-sectional and non-probability; the BIS showed limited internal consistency, limiting the causal explanations and generalizations. The results have given a localized input into the research in the context of cultural orientation and consumer behavior in Pakistan.
5) "Relationship Between Higher Body Image Concern and Stress Level Among University Students" 68-80
Authors:
Urooj Ikram [1],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v6i1.5
Abstract
This study examined the empirical relationship between dysmorphic body image concerns and perceived stress among university undergraduates in Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was administered to a purposive sample of 200 students aged 18 to 30 years, with equal gender representation (100 males, 100 females). Assessment tools included the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI; Littleton et al., 2005) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; Cohen et al., 1983). Statistical testing using Pearson correlation demonstrated a moderate, positive association between appearance concerns and perceived stress (r = .373, p < .01 ), indicating that greater distress over physical appearance corresponds with higher self-reported stress. Independent samples t-tests revealed that female undergraduates experienced significantly higher perceived stress (M = 22.76, SD = 5.69) than male peers (M = 19.99, SD = 6.01 ), whereas mean levels of body image concern did not differ significantly between genders. These findings suggest that dysmorphic appearance anxiety is a meaningful correlate of psychological strain in young adults, pointing to the need for tailored mental health support on academic campuses.
Volume No. 06
Issue No. 01
.jpg)