Authors:
Laiba Jehanzeb [1], Sidra Iqbal [2],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.1
Abstract
Criminal offenders especially those in correctional settings lack adequate social support which could exacerbate feelings of isolation, despair, and hopelessness, leading to an increased vulnerability to self-harm and suicidal ideation. The present study was conduct with an aim to assess how hopelessness influences self-harm and suicidal ideation among criminals; and to explore gender-wise variation in hopelessness, self-harm, and suicidal thoughts among criminals. A purposive sample of 80 criminals (40 males and 40 females) was selected from Central Prisons of Peshawar and Haripur. The age range of respondents were from 18 to 50 years. Instruments used for data collection includes, Beck’s Hopelessness Scale (BHS) (Beck et., al 1974), Self-harm Inventory (SHI) (Sansone et al., 1998), Beck Suicidal Intent Scale (SIS) (Beck, Schuyler, & Hermen 1974). Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize participants’ demographic characteristics. Independent samples ttests were used to examine gender-based differences in suicidal thoughts and self-harm among criminals. Correlational analysis was conducted to assess the relationship among hopelessness, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm. The study reports demographic findings from 2 80 respondents, detailing gender-wise distribution across age, marital status, educational level, socioeconomic status, type of criminal offence, and duration of incarceration. Overall, the results indicate a relatively higher proportion of participants who were unmarried and lacked formal education, alongside a substantial representation of individuals involved in murder-related offences; females accounted for a greater share across most demographic categories. In addition, the findings demonstrate statistically significant gender differences in hopelessness, self-harm behaviors, and suicidal intent among criminals. Female participants scored significantly higher than male participants on the Bec
Authors:
Sana Raza [1], Hareera Zeb [2],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.2
Abstract
Occupational stress is one of the most serious problems that has worsen the physical as well as psychological health of employees especially married employees. The aim of conducting the study was to identify the differences in the level of occupational stress among married and single employees belonging to different professions i.e., doctors and teachers. Moreover, gender difference in occupational stress was also investigated. The data was collected through Workplace Stress Scale from doctors and teachers (N=160) of different organizations in which 80 were married and 80 unmarried. Analysis was done by using SPSS version 22. The results showed that married employees have higher occupational stress as compared to unmarried employees. Significant gender difference was found in the level of occupational stress with female scoring high as compared to male. As this study has revealed that there is high occupational stress among married employees, therefore this study recommended that married employees should equally divide their household responsibilities so that they will be free of any stress and efficiently perform their jobs
Authors:
Samra Begum [1], Maham Iftikhar [2], Tahira Riaz [3],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.3
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between Eco Anxiety and Coping Strategies among youth. The other purpose of the study is to find out the gender difference on Eco Anxiety and Coping Strategies among youth. Total number of participants was 250 in which 40 were included in pilot study while 210 were approached for main study. The convenient method of sampling was used for data collection. The instruments used in the study were Hogg Eco Anxiety Scale (HEAS) and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS). Written permission through email was taken from authors before using the scales for assessing the variables. The data was collected through two phases; In phase I data was collected from 40 university students for pilot study for the purpose to check the internal consistency of the study instruments. The reliability of the Hogg Eco Anxiety Scale (HEAS) in pilot study was in acceptable range although the reliability of Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) was low and the correlation was insignificant in the pilot study but improved in the main study. For data analysis the SPSS version 21 was used. Pearson product moment correlation and t-test was applied to check whether the hypothesis were supported or not. The first hypothesis was that there will be significant negative correlation between Eco Anxiety and Coping Strategies. The second hypothesis was that Male will be more vulnerable to eco anxiety than female among youth and the third hypothesis was that Female will be high on coping strategies than male among youth. The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between ecoanxiety and coping strategies. This supports the first hypothesis of the study. The conclusion from t-test analysis shows that male score high on Eco Anxiety scale but the difference is not significant while the other finding is that there is no significant gender difference on coping strategies which indicate that male a
Authors:
Soniya shams [1], Dr. Um e Kalsoom [2],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.4
Abstract
Infertility is a chronic stressor having adverse psychological, emotional and social and impact. Infertile women often experience anxiety, depression and other psychological challenges that negatively impact their life. The present study intended to explore the effects of IVF and conventional treatment on mental health of infertile Women. Sample (N=100) comprised of 50 (n=50) fertile women and 50 (n=50) infertile women undergoing IVF treatment. The study used cross-sectional study design. Sample was selected using purposive sampling technique with age ranging from 18-40 years. Data was obtained from different public and private sector hospitals, maternity and IVF centers. Standardized instruments were used to collect data i-e to evaluate the level of distress in fertile and infertile women Urdu version of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (Zigmond & Snaith ,1983) was used to collect data. Results indicated that those infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment experience significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression compared to fertile women. The findings indicated that it is important for gynecologist, fertility specialist, IVF specialists and mental health professionals to screen out psychosocial issues at the outset of treatment and develop treatment plans and support systems which are necessary for the well-being of infertile women.
Authors:
Maham Iftikhar [1], Ronaq Khalid [2],
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37605/ijpbr.v5i2.5
Abstract
The study aims to find the relationship between glossophobia and social interaction anxiety among university students. Glossophobia commonly known as the fear of speaking in public and negative evaluation of self, other and the world. Social interaction anxiety causes negative impact on student performances in academic and other areas of life particularly the communication skills. The objectives of the study were to determine that the relationship between the variables under study and glossophobia significantly predicts social interaction anxiety among university students. A quantitative cross-sectional survey research design was used to collect data from the university students through purposive sampling. Standardized psychological instruments were used to measure public speaking anxiety and social interaction anxiety. Statistical analyses involved descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Linear Regression analysis were applied to the data by using SPSS-24. The outcomes suggested that there is a positive correlation between public speaking anxiety and social interaction anxiety. When public speaking anxiety increases social interaction anxiety increases. Reliability analysis showed acceptable internal consistency of the scales being used in the studies. This study focuses on importance of psychological interventions and communication skills training programs for students to mitigate the fear and negative evaluation of self, other and the world.
Volume No. 05
Issue No. 02
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