1) "INVESTIGATING THE DETERMINANTS OF YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT IN PAKISTAN"
This is an open access article distributed under the
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Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 License.
1-9
Authors:
Dr. Farah Khan [1],
DOI:
Abstract
Youth unemployment is one of the major and burring issues in Pakistan. This study is examining the determinant of youth unemployment in Pakistan for the period of 1991 to 2016. In this study the model is made of one dependent variable (unemployment) and five independent variable (Population, Foreign Direct Investment, Inflation, Wage rate and Government Expenditure). The study employed the Ordinary Least Square method (OLS), Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) and Robust Least Square (RLS). The result shows that foreign direct investment, inflation and Government expenditure his significantly impact on unemployment in Pakistan during the period under the study. Though, population growth and wage does not show important association with the unemployment rate during the period under this study. In this study Microsoft excels and E view software is used to analyze the data.
2) "Foreign Policy Mechanism in USA: Role of Stakeholders"
This is an open access article distributed under the
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Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 License.
10-23
Authors:
Ahmad Ali [1],
DOI:
Abstract
Contrary to other liberal democracies in the world, the foreign policy in US is made in a very clumsy way. The constitution of USA has put the president and congress into constant tug of war over the issue of making US foreign policy. Constitutionally, the department of foreign affairs, the bureaucracy, the president, the congress, media and public opinion are given special role to frame the US foreign policy. The constitution has built a bulwark against the despotic and tyrannical tendencies against any of these stakeholders. Apart from the compulsory role of all the said departments, much space is given to some external factors like UN, International law, NATO and the special interests of other US business and strategic partners to put pressure at numerous dimensions and aspects on US foreign policy mechanism. Consequently, it is difficult to figure out the more efficient stake holders involved in foreign policy formulation process in USA.
3) "ANALYSIS OF EXCHANGE RATE EFFECT ON TRADE BALANCE IN PAKISTAN"
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24-29
Authors:
Ali Nawaz [1],
DOI:
Abstract
Exchange rate is becoming one the major issues in trade balance of Pakistan. This study has studied the liaison between trade and exchange rate, income variables for 1990-2016. The Empirical investigation I applied Auto regression (AR) Model used in order to find the correlation between trade balance and other selected variables, this results suggest that trade is significantly positive related to rate of exchange, and inversely related to income during the selected sample period. The negative sign with income showing the relationship between the determinants is negative or inverse with Trade balance. On the other hand positive sign with exchange rate showing direct relationship with Trade balance
4) "TRUMP POLICY TOWARDS IRAN: CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS"
This is an open access article distributed under the
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Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 License.
30-43
Authors:
Nargis Zaman [1],
Arif Khan [2],
DOI:
Abstract
A key foreign policy objective of President Trump during his election campaign was to reset, tighten and maximize his countering policies against Iran’s destabilizing activities in the Gulf region. However, the challenges including the fate of Iran nuclear deal, ballistic missile program, support of terrorist’s groups, US-Russia ties and Russian-Iran relations in Syria which the new administration faces to brought about against Iran, are much harder than his desired objectives. Trump’s Middle East and Iran’s policies presents an uncertain, complex and paradoxical scenario because the goals which he sets mark a clear deviation from his campaign promises against Iran. The global and regional actors such as Russia, Iran and Saudi Arabia will surely like to test the Trump’s policies and determination towards the Gulf region so that to achieve their anticipated goals.
5) "NEXUS BETWEEN HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM GROWTH MODEL IN PAKISTAN"
This is an open access article distributed under the
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Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 License.
44-62
Authors:
Zia-ur-Rahman [1],
Saleem Khan [2],
Sher Ali [3],
DOI:
Abstract
In the global economy, every country wants to boost the economic development of the economy in the nation. In this, good governance can play significant role in development of the economy. The present study aims at investigating the impact of human and physical capital on economic growth in Pakistan. Annually time series data is used for analysis during the period of 1980-2016. The data has been taken from the ‘Pakistan Economic Survey’ and ‘A Handbook of Statistics 2015’. The ADF (Augmented Dickey-fuller) test is used for stationary and non-stationary process. For parameters estimation and co-integration, the Engle-Granger approach is used to indicate that there is long-run connection among the study concerned variables. The empirical finding of this study demonstrated that gross fixed capital formation, literacy rate, per-capita health expenditure and secondary school enrolment rate have a significant impact on the economic growth of Pakistan. There is co-integration among variables of the model.
Volume No. 01
Issue No. 01
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